Month: January 2023

Atipamezole is a promising non-discriminative inhibitor against pan-CYP450 including diclofenac 4′-hydroxylation: A comparison with ABT for drug ADME optimization and mechanism study was written by Li, Zheng;Zhang, Yunxia;Gao, You;Xiang, Yanan;Zhang, Wenpeng;Lu, Chuang;Zhuang, Xiaomei. And the article was included in European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2019.Name: 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine This article mentions the following:

Atipamezole is commonly used to recover animals from sedation-anesthesia induced by a_2-adrenoceptor agonists. The purpose of this study is to evaluate atipamezole as a non-selective inhibitor of P 450 enzymes and compare it with ABT. Inhibition toward seven major human CYP450 isoform was determined for atipamezole and ABT in human, rat, and dog liver microsomes for the direct and time-dependent inhibition potentials. IC₅₀ values toward human and animal CYPs without preincubation are 0.02-7.93μM and 20.9-1798μM for atipamezole and ABT, resp. The IC₅₀ values of ABT after preincubation shift to 4.06-460μM. Atipamezole has more effective inhibition to CYP2C9 mediated diclofenac hydroxylation in human and animal liver microsomes with IC₅₀ values of 1.50-5.20μM than that of ABT at 74.7-460μM. No IC₅₀ shift was observed for atipamezole to CYP isoforms. In vivo utility of atipamezole was assessed by co-dosing with diclofenac in rats. At 30 mg/kg via oral, atipamezole enhanced the AUC of diclofenac by 13.1-fold and the C_max by 5.6-fold. Similar enhancement also achieved for ABT (100 mg/kg) with AUC and C_max increased 9.5 and 4.8-fold. As a reversible pan-CYP inhibitor, atipamezole showed less species difference than ABT. It provides a better and easier to use alternative to ABT for ADME optimization and elucidating mechanistic drug metabolism or toxicity studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Name: 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles are important five-member nitrogen heterocycles involved in a wide range of industrial applications such as agrochemicals, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, optical brighteners, as well as biologically active agents. Due to the structural characteristics, both 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles are able to accommodate a broad range of substituents (electrophiles and nucleophiles) around the core structures and pave the way for the construction of diverse novel bioactive molecules.Name: 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Isonicotinylation is a histone mark induced by the anti-tuberculosis first-line drug isoniazid was written by Jiang, Yuhan;Li, Yixiao;Liu, Cheng;Zhang, Lei;Lv, Danyu;Weng, Yejing;Cheng, Zhongyi;Chen, Xiangmei;Zhan, Jun;Zhang, Hongquan. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2021.SDS of cas: 1614-12-6 This article mentions the following:

Isoniazid (INH) is a first-line anti-tuberculosis drug used for nearly 70 years. However, the mechanism underlying the side effects of INH has remained elusive. Here, we report that INH and its metabolites induce a post-translational modification (PTM) of histones, lysine isonicotinylation (K_inic), also called 4-picolinylation, in cells and mice. INH promotes the biosynthesis of isonicotinyl-CoA (Inic-CoA), a co-factor of intracellular isonicotinylation. Mass spectrometry reveals 26 K_inic sites in histones in HepG2 cells. Acetyltransferases CREB-binding protein (CBP) and P300 catalyze histone K_inic, while histone deacetylase HDAC3 functions as a deisonicotinylase. Notably, MNase sensitivity assay and RNA-seq anal. show that histone K_inic relaxes chromatin structure and promotes gene transcription. INH-mediated histone K_inic upregulates PIK3R1 gene expression and activates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in liver cancer cells, linking INH to tumorigenicity in the liver. We demonstrate that K_inic is a histone acylation mark with a pyridine ring, which may have broad biol. effects. Therefore, INH-induced isonicotinylation potentially accounts for the side effects in patients taking INH long-term for anti-tuberculosis therapy, and this modification may increase the risk of cancer in humans. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6SDS of cas: 1614-12-6).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles are important five-member nitrogen heterocycles involved in a wide range of industrial applications such as agrochemicals, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, optical brighteners, as well as biologically active agents. Triazole growth retardants such as uniconazole and paclobutrazol have been known to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins by blocking kaurene oxidase, an P450 enzymeSDS of cas: 1614-12-6

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

3D Coordination Polymers with Chiral Structures, [Ln₂(tda)₂(H₂O)₃]·5H₂O: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Luminescent Properties was written by Chen, Chu-Jun;Gao, Jin-Ying;Zhao, Xia;Chang, Li-Mei;Liu, Ying-Liang;Mo, Hai-Hong;Yue, Shan-Tang. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie in 2012.Recommanded Product: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

Reactions of H₃tda (H₃tda = 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid) with Sm(NO₃)₃·6H₂O, Eu(NO₃)₃·6H₂O, and Tb(NO₃)₃·6H₂O, in the presence of NaOH under hydrothermal conditions, produced three new coordination polymers, [Ln₂(tda)₂(H₂O)₃]·5H₂O [Ln = Sm (1), Eu (2), Tb (3)]. These compounds were structurally characterized by elemental anal., IR spectroscopy, TGA, PXRD and single-crystal x-ray diffraction. The single-crystal x-ray diffraction studies of compounds 1–3 reveal that all compounds are three-dimensional porous structures with chiral frameworks. Furthermore, the luminescence studies of compound 2 and 3 in the solid state reveal that they are potential luminescent materials at room temperature In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6Recommanded Product: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles are important five-member nitrogen heterocycles involved in a wide range of industrial applications such as agrochemicals, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, optical brighteners, as well as biologically active agents. Triazoles are compounds with a vast spectrum of applications, varying from materials (polymers), agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, photoactive chemicals and dyes.Recommanded Product: 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tetraaquabis[4-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzoato-κN1]copper(II) dihydrate was written by Xu, Shuzhi;Shao, Wenxin;Yu, Miao;Gong, Guihua. And the article was included in Acta Crystallographica, Section E: Structure Reports Online in 2011.SDS of cas: 157069-48-2 This article mentions the following:

In the title compound, [Cu(C₉H₆N₃O₂)₂(H₂O)₄].2H₂O, the Cu(II) atom lies on an inversion center and is 6-coordinated by 2 N atoms from 2 4-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzoate ligands and 4 water mols. in a distorted octahedral geometry. In the crystal, intermol. O-H…O H-bonds lead to a 3D supramol. network. Intramol. O-H…N H-bonds and π-π interactions between the benzene rings and between the benzene and triazole rings [centroid-centroid distances = 3.657(1) and 3.752(1) Å] are observed Crystal data: triclinic, P1̅, a = 7.3001(4), b = 7.9904(5), c = 9.8995(6) Å, α = 85.343(1)°, β = 73.243(1)°, γ = 79.032(1)°, Z = 1, 2025 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I), 178 refined parameters, R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.034, wR(F²) = 0.091. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2SDS of cas: 157069-48-2).

4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles exhibit substantial isomerism, depending on the positioning of the nitrogen atoms within the ring. 1,2,3-Triazoles are usually prepared following (3+2) cycloaddition protocols. A common technique for unsubstituted triazoles is the Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition: a azide and an alkyne react at high temperature to form a ring. However, the Huisgen strategy produces a mixture of isomers (typically 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted) when used to produce substituted triazoles.SDS of cas: 157069-48-2

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemical suppressors of mlo-mediated powdery mildew resistance was written by Wu, Hongpo;Kwaaitaal, Mark;Strugala, Roxana;Schaffrath, Ulrich;Bednarek, Pawel;Panstruga, Ralph. And the article was included in Bioscience Reports in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine This article mentions the following:

Loss-of-function of barley mildew locus o (Mlo) confers durable broad-spectrum penetration resistance to the barley powdery mildew pathogen, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh). Given the importance of mlo mutants in agriculture, surprisingly few mol. components have been identified to be required for this type of resistance in barley. With the aim to identify novel cellular factors contributing to mlo-based resistance, we devised a pharmacol. inhibitor screen. Of the 41 rationally chosen compounds tested, five caused a partial suppression of mlo resistance in barley, indicated by increased levels of Bgh host cell entry. These chems. comprise brefeldin A (BFA), 2′,3′-dideoxyadenosine (DDA), 2-deoxy-D-glucose, spermidine, and 1-aminobenzotriazole. Further inhibitor anal. corroborated a key role for both anterograde and retrograde endomembrane trafficking in mlo resistance. In addition, all four ribonucleosides, some ribonucleoside derivatives, two of the five nucleobases (guanine and uracil), some guanine derivatives as well as various polyamines partially suppress mlo resistance in barley via yet unknown mechanisms. Most of the chems. identified to be effective in partially relieving mlo resistance in barley also to some extent compromised powdery mildew resistance in an Arabidopsis mlo2 mlo6 double mutant. In summary, our study identified novel suppressors of mlo resistance that may serve as valuable probes to unravel further the mol. processes underlying this unusual type of disease resistance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Application In Synthesis of 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. However, triazoles are also useful in bioorthogonal chemistry, because the large number of nitrogen atoms causes triazoles to react similar to azides. Triazole growth retardants such as uniconazole and paclobutrazol have been known to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins by blocking kaurene oxidase, an P450 enzymeApplication In Synthesis of 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Two isomeric Zn(II)-based metal-organic frameworks constructed from a bifunctional triazolate-carboxylate tecton exhibiting distinct gas sorption behaviors was written by Chen, Di-Ming;Tian, Jia-Yue;Fang, Shao-Ming;Liu, Chun-Sen. And the article was included in CrystEngComm in 2016.COA of Formula: C9H7N3O2 This article mentions the following:

Two isomeric Zn(II)-based metal-organic frameworks, {[Zn(CPT)₂](NMF)₃}_n (1) and {[Zn(CPT)₂](DMF)_0.75}_n (2) (HCPT = 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole, NMF = N-methylformamide, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), with the same 4-fold interpenetrated dia topol. network have been prepared under solvothermal conditions by employing a bifunctional triazolate-carboxylate organic linker, which show very similar voids but different pore shapes. Thermogravimetry, powder x-ray diffraction, mol. mechanics calculation, and gas sorption studies revealed their different framework stabilities and flexibilities, in which desolvated 1 exhibits temperature-dependent stepwise and hysteretic selective sorption of CO₂ over N₂ at 195 K, whereas desolvated 2 could adsorb neither CO₂ nor N₂. Furthermore, the luminescence properties of 1 and 2 were investigated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2COA of Formula: C9H7N3O2).

4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2) belongs to triazole derivatives. However, triazoles are also useful in bioorthogonal chemistry, because the large number of nitrogen atoms causes triazoles to react similar to azides. Triazoles are compounds with a vast spectrum of applications, varying from materials (polymers), agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, photoactive chemicals and dyes.COA of Formula: C9H7N3O2

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effect of electrolyte composition on electrochemical oxidation: Active sulfate formation, benzotriazole degradation, and chlorinated by-products distribution was written by Saha, Pradip;Wang, Jiamin;Zhou, Yinong;Carlucci, Livio;Jeremiasse, Adriaan W.;Rijnaarts, Huub H. M.;Bruning, Harry. And the article was included in Environmental Research in 2022.Product Details of 4546-95-6 This article mentions the following:

Electrochem. oxidation is an effective technique for treating persistent organic pollutants, which are hardly removed in conventional wastewater treatment plants. Sulfate and chloride salts commonly used and present in natural wastewater influence the electrochem. degradation process. In this study, the effect of electrolyte composition on the active sulfate species (SO₄^•- and S₂O₈^2-) formation, benzotriazole degradation-a model organic compound, and chlorinated byproducts distribution have been investigated while using a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. Different Na₂SO₄:NaNO₃ and Na₂SO₄:NaCl ratios with constant conductivity of 10 mS/cm were used in the experiments and applied anode potential was kept constant at 4.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The electrogenerated SO₄^•- and S₂O₈^2- formation were faster in 10:1 and 2:1 Na₂SO₄:NaNO₃ ratios than in the 1:0 ratio. The ^•OH-mediated SO₄^•- production has prevailed in 10:1 and 2:1 ratios. However, ^•OH-mediated SO₄^•- production has hindered the 1:0 ratio due to excess chemisorption of SO₄^2- on the BDD anode. Similarly, the faster benzotriazole degradation, mineralization, and lowest energy consumption were achieved in the 10:1 Na₂SO₄:NaNO₃ and Na₂SO₄:NaCl ratio. Besides, chlorinated organic byproduct concentration (AOX) was lower in the 10:1 Na₂SO₄:NaCl ratio but increased with the increasing chloride ratio in the electrolyte. LC-MS anal. shows that several chlorinated organic transformation products were produced in 0:1 to 2:1 ratio, which was not found in the 10:1 Na₂SO₄:NaCl ratio. A comparatively higher amount of ClO₄^– was formed in the 10:1 ratio than in 2:1 to 0:1 ratio. This ClO₄^– formation train evidence the effective ^•OH generation in a sulfate-enriched condition because the ClO₄^– formation is pos. correlated to ^•OH concentration Overall results show that sulfate-enriched electrolyte compositions are beneficial for electrochem. oxidation of biorecalcitrant organic pollutants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6Product Details of 4546-95-6).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. The triazole ring is a relatively stable functional group, and the triazole bond can be used for a variety of applications, such as replacing the phosphate backbone of DNA. Triazole growth retardants such as uniconazole and paclobutrazol have been known to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins by blocking kaurene oxidase, an P450 enzymeProduct Details of 4546-95-6

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cytochrome P450 inhibitors reduce creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) tolerance to topramezone was written by Elmore, Matthew T.;Brosnan, James T.;Armel, Gregory R.;Kopsell, Dean A.;Best, Michael D.;Mueller, Thomas C.;Sorochan, John C.. And the article was included in PLoS One in 2015.Related Products of 1614-12-6 This article mentions the following:

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is moderately tolerant to the p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-inhibiting herbicide topramezone. However, the contribution of plant metabolism of topramezone to this tolerance is unknown. Experiments were conducted to determine if known cytochrome P 450 monooxygenase inhibitors 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT) and malathion alone or in combination with the herbicide safener cloquintocet-mexyl influence creeping bentgrass tolerance to topramezone. Creeping bentgrass in hydroponic culture was treated with ABT (70μM), malathion (70μm and 1000 g ha^-1), or cloquintocet-mexyl (70μM and 1000 g ha^-1) prior to topramezone (8 g ha^-1) application. Topramezone-induced injury to creeping bentgrass increased from 22% when applied alone to 79 and 41% when applied with malathion or ABT, resp. Cloquintocet-mexyl (70μM and 1000 g ha^-1) reduced topramezone injury to 1% and increased creeping bentgrass biomass and PSII quantum yield. Cloquintocet-mexyl mitigated the synergistic effects of ABT more than those of malathion. The effects of malathion on topramezone injury were supported by creeping bentgrass biomass responses. Responses to ABT and malathion suggest that creeping bentgrass tolerance to topramezone is influenced by cytochrome P 450-catalyzed metabolism Future research should elucidate primary topramezone metabolites and determine the contribution of cytochrome P 450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases to metabolite formation in safened and non-safened creeping bentgrass. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Related Products of 1614-12-6).

1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. However, triazoles are also useful in bioorthogonal chemistry, because the large number of nitrogen atoms causes triazoles to react similar to azides. Both the triazoles and their derivatives have significant biological properties including antimicrobial, antiviral, antitubercular, anticancer, anticonvulsant, analgesic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant activities.Related Products of 1614-12-6

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Crystal structure of tetraaqua-bis(4-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzoato-κN)-zinc(II) decahydrate, C₁₈H₄₀N₆O₁₈Zn was written by Han, Songbai;Wang, Hongli. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Kristallographie – New Crystal Structures in 2013.Computed Properties of C9H7N3O2 This article mentions the following:

C₁₈H₄₀N₆O₁₈Zn, monoclinic, C2/c(number 15), a= 25.84(2) Å, b= 7.910(5) Å, c= 16.856(1) Å, β = 112.734(9)°, V= 3177 ų, Z= 4, R_gt(F)= 0.0319, wR_ref(F2)= 0.0757, T= 293 K. The crystal structure of the title compound is herein given. The title compound was synthesized from zinc nitrate and 4-(p-benzoxy)-1,2,4-triazole. The title compound shows a supramol. structure and extensive hydrogen bonding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2Computed Properties of C9H7N3O2).

4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (cas: 157069-48-2) belongs to triazole derivatives. However, triazoles are also useful in bioorthogonal chemistry, because the large number of nitrogen atoms causes triazoles to react similar to azides.Triazole heterocyclic structures are found to form many weak nonbond interactions with the receptors and enzymes in biological systems.Computed Properties of C9H7N3O2

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Diazole- and triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives. Synthesis was written by Stepanyan, A. A.;Isak, A. D.. And the article was included in Khimichna Promislovist Ukraini (Kiev, Ukraine) in 2008.COA of Formula: C4H3N3O4 This article mentions the following:

Oxidation of indazole, benzotriazole, 1-methylbenzimidazole and 2-methylbenzimidazole by ozone gave 4,5-pyrazoledicarboxylic acid, 1,2,3-triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid, 1-methyl-4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid and 2-methyl-4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6COA of Formula: C4H3N3O4).

1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (cas: 4546-95-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Triazoles consist of a five-membered ring containing three nitrogen atoms and are biologically active, especially as antifungal, antimicrobial and enzyme inhibitors. Many triazoles have antifungal effects: the triazole antifungal drugs include fluconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, pramiconazole, ravuconazole, and posaconazole and triazole plant-protection fungicides include epoxiconazole, triadimenol, myclobutanil, propiconazole, prothioconazole, metconazole, cyproconazole, tebuconazole, flusilazole and paclobutrazol.COA of Formula: C4H3N3O4

Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics