Species differences in the CYP3A-catalyzed metabolism of TPN729, a novel PDE5 inhibitor was written by Tian, Qian-qian;Zhu, Yun-ting;Diao, Xing-xing;Zhang, Xiang-lei;Xu, Ye-chun;Jiang, Xiang-rui;Shen, Jing-shan;Wang, Zhen;Zhong, Da-fang. And the article was included in Acta Pharmacologica Sinica in 2021.Quality Control of 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine This article mentions the following:
TPN729 is a novel phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor used to treat erectile dysfunction in men. Our previous study shows that the plasma exposure of metabolite M3 (N-dealkylation of TPN729) in humans is much higher than that of TPN729. In this study, we compared its metabolism and pharmacokinetics in different species and explored the contribution of its main metabolite M3 to pharmacol. effect. We conducted a combinatory approach of ultra-performance liquid chromatog./quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolite identification, and examined pharmacokinetic profiles in monkeys, dogs, and rats following TPN729 administration. A remarkable species difference was observed in the relative abundance of major metabolite M3: i.e., the plasma exposure of M3 was 7.6-fold higher than that of TPN729 in humans, and 3.5-, 1.2-, 1.1-fold in monkeys, dogs, and rats, resp. We incubated liver S9 and liver microsomes with TPN729 and CYP3A inhibitors, and demonstrated that CYP3A was responsible for TPN729 metabolism and M3 formation in humans. The inhibitory activity of M3 on PDE5 was 0.78-fold that of TPN729 (The IC50 values of TPN729 and M3 for PDE5A were 6.17 ± 0.48 and 7.94 ± 0.07 nM, resp.). The plasma protein binding rates of TPN729 and M3 in humans were 92.7% and 98.7%, resp. It was astonishing that the catalyzing capability of CYP3A4 in M3 formation exhibited seven-fold disparity between different species. M3 was an active metabolite, and its pharmacol. contribution was equal to that of TPN729 in humans. These findings provide new insights into the limitation and selection of animal model for predicting the clin. pharmacokinetics of drug candidates metabolized by CYP3A4. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Quality Control of 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine).
1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. However, triazoles are also useful in bioorthogonal chemistry, because the large number of nitrogen atoms causes triazoles to react similar to azides. Due to the structural characteristics, both 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles are able to accommodate a broad range of substituents (electrophiles and nucleophiles) around the core structures and pave the way for the construction of diverse novel bioactive molecules.Quality Control of 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine
Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics