Biodegradation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics and the climbazole fungicide by Trichoderma species was written by Manasfi, Rayana;Chiron, Serge;Montemurro, Nicola;Perez, Sandra;Brienza, Monica. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research in 2020.Reference of 1614-12-6 This article mentions the following:
Abstract: Filamentous fungi Trichoderma have been able to efficiently degrade fluoroquinolone antibiotics namely ciprofloxacin (CIP) and ofloxacin (OFL) as well as the fungicide climbazole (CLB) that are persistent in conventional activated sludge processes. All targeted compounds were biotransformed by whole cells of Trichoderma spp., exactly T. harzanium and T. asperellum, and biosorption played a limited role in their elimination. However, contrasting results were obtained with the two strains. T. asperellum was more efficient against CIP, with a 81% degradation rate in 13 days of incubation, while T. harzianum was more efficient against CLB, with a 91% degradation rate. While in the case of OFL, both strains showed same efficiency with degradation rate around 40%. Adding a cytochrome P 450 enzyme inhibitor hardly resulted in the modification of degradation kinetics supporting the implication of extracellular enzymes in chem. biotransformation. Transformation products were identified by liquid chromatog.-high resolution-mass spectrometry and transformation pathways were proposed. Biotransformation of selected compounds included hydroxylation, oxidation/reduction and N- and O-dealkylation reactions, similarly to those reported with white rot fungi. CIP underwent transformations at the piperazinyl ring through oxidation and conjugation reactions, while OFL mainly underwent hydroxylation processes and CLB carbonyl reduction into alc. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6Reference of 1614-12-6).
1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-amine (cas: 1614-12-6) belongs to triazole derivatives. Among the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, triazoles emerge with superior pharmacological applications. Due to the structural characteristics, both 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles are able to accommodate a broad range of substituents (electrophiles and nucleophiles) around the core structures and pave the way for the construction of diverse novel bioactive molecules.Reference of 1614-12-6
Referemce:
1,2,3-Triazole – Wikipedia,
Triazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics