Chemistry is the experimental science by definition. We want to make observations to prove hypothesis. For this purpose, we perform experiments in the lab. , Recommanded Product: 818-61-1, 818-61-1, Name is 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate, molecular formula is C5H8O3, belongs to Triazoles compound. In a document, author is Ying, Yingfen, introduce the new discover.
Tebuconazole exposure disrupts placental function and causes fetal low birth weight in rats
Tebuconazole (TEB) is one of the widely used broad-spectrum triazole fungicides. Its accumulation in mammals leads to various endocrine disruptions. However, it is unclear whether the exposure of TEB during pregnancy affects the growth and development of fetus and placenta. Here, TEB was exposed to pregnant Sprague-Dawley female rats from gestational days 12-21 of 0, 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg for 10 days. TEB reduced placental estradiol levels. TEB disrupted the structure and function of the placenta, leading to hypertrophy, fibrin exudation, edema, calcification, arterial fibroblast proliferation, and trophoblastic infarction. RNA-seq analysis showed that TEB mainly down-regulated the expression of iron transport genes and up-regulated the expression of genes for immune/inflammatory responses. Further qPCR showed that TEB down-regulated Tfrc, Hamp, Elf 2ak2 and up-regulated the expression of Cd34, Cd36, Jag1, Pln, Cyp1a1, Esrra, and Aqp1 at 50 and 100 mg/kg. Western blot and semi-quantitative immunohistochemical staining also demonstrated that TEB lowered the levels of TFRC and EIF2AK2 and increased the levels of CD34, CD36, JAG1, CYP1A1, and ESRRA at 50 and 100 mg/kg. In conclusion, TEB severely damages the structure and function of the placenta, leading to hypertrophy of the placenta, low birth weight and feminization of the male fetus possibly via several pathways including iron transport and THE signaling. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 818-61-1. Recommanded Product: 818-61-1.